有时候我们没办法用查询分析器或者企业管理器访问数据库，查看数据库结构，这时候，我们可以用sql语句查询出表结构：
sql语句：
使用于sql server 2000
select
( case when a.colorder = 1 then d.name else '' end ) 表名,
a.colorder 字段序号,
a.name 字段名,
( case when COLUMNPROPERTY (a.id,a.name,'isidentity') = 1 then '√' else '' end ) 标识,
( case when (
select count(*) from sysobjects
where name in (
select name from sysindexes where (id = a.id ) and ( indid in
(select indid from sysindexkeys where
( id = a.id ) and ( colid in (
select colid from syscolumns
where ( id = a.id ) and ( name = a.name ))))))
and ( xtype ='PK')) > 0 then '√' else '' end ) 主键,
b.name 类型,
a.length 字节数, COLUMNPROPERTY ( a.id,a.name ,'PRECISION' ) as 长度,
isnull ( COLUMNPROPERTY ( a.id,a.name ,'Scale'),0) as 小数位数,
(case when a.isnullable = 1 then '√' else '' end ) 允许空,
isnull ( e.text,'') 默认值,
isnull (g.[value],'' ) as 字段说明
from syscolumns a left join systypes b
on a.xtype = b.xusertype
inner join sysobjects d
on a.id = d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name <> 'dtproperties'
left join syscomments e
on a.cdefault = e.id
left join sysproperties g
on a.id = g.id and a.colid = g.smallid
--where a.name like '%status%'
order by a.id ,a.colorder
sql 2005：
SELECT
TableName=CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN O.name ELSE N'' END,
TableDesc=ISNULL(CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN PTB.[value] END,N''),
Column_id=C.column_id,
ColumnName=C.name,
PrimaryKey=ISNULL(IDX.PrimaryKey,N''),
[IDENTITY]=CASE WHEN C.is_identity=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
Computed=CASE WHEN C.is_computed=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
Type=T.name,
Length=C.max_length,
Precision=C.precision,
Scale=C.scale,
NullAble=CASE WHEN C.is_nullable=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
[Default]=ISNULL(D.definition,N''),
ColumnDesc=ISNULL(PFD.[value],N''),
IndexName=ISNULL(IDX.IndexName,N''),
IndexSort=ISNULL(IDX.Sort,N''),
Create_Date=O.Create_Date,
Modify_Date=O.Modify_date
FROM sys.columns C
INNER JOIN sys.objects O
ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]
AND O.type='U'
AND O.is_ms_shipped=0
INNER JOIN sys.types T
ON C.user_type_id=T.user_type_id
LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints D
ON C.[object_id]=D.parent_object_id
AND C.column_id=D.parent_column_id
AND C.default_object_id=D.[object_id]
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PFD
ON PFD.class=1
AND C.[object_id]=PFD.major_id
AND C.column_id=PFD.minor_id
-- AND PFD.name='Caption' -- 字段说明对应的描述名称(一个字段可以添加多个不同name的描述)
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PTB
ON PTB.class=1
AND PTB.minor_id=0
AND C.[object_id]=PTB.major_id
-- AND PFD.name='Caption' -- 表说明对应的描述名称(一个表可以添加多个不同name的描述)
LEFT JOIN -- 索引及主键信息
(
SELECT
IDXC.[object_id],
IDXC.column_id,
Sort=CASE INDEXKEY_PROPERTY(IDXC.[object_id],IDXC.index_id,IDXC.index_column_id,'IsDescending')
WHEN 1 THEN 'DESC' WHEN 0 THEN 'ASC' ELSE '' END,
PrimaryKey=CASE WHEN IDX.is_primary_key=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
IndexName=IDX.Name
FROM sys.indexes IDX
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns IDXC
ON IDX.[object_id]=IDXC.[object_id]
AND IDX.index_id=IDXC.index_id
LEFT JOIN sys.key_constraints KC
ON IDX.[object_id]=KC.[parent_object_id]
AND IDX.index_id=KC.unique_index_id
INNER JOIN -- 对于一个列包含多个索引的情况,只显示第1个索引信息
(
SELECT [object_id], Column_id, index_id=MIN(index_id)
FROM sys.index_columns
GROUP BY [object_id], Column_id
) IDXCUQ
ON IDXC.[object_id]=IDXCUQ.[object_id]
AND IDXC.Column_id=IDXCUQ.Column_id
AND IDXC.index_id=IDXCUQ.index_id
) IDX
ON C.[object_id]=IDX.[object_id]
AND C.column_id=IDX.column_id
-- WHERE O.name=N'要查询的表'
ORDER BY O.name,C.column_id